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沉思者 The Thinker
《沉思者》1888年首度在哥本哈根(Copenhagen)展出，《沉思者》原名為《詩人(The Poet)》。從1890年《沉思者(The Thinker)》這名字才變得比較知名。 《沉思者》，塑造了一位強而有力的男子。這巨人彎著腰，正在沉思，同時內心陷入痛苦的掙扎。這獨特的姿勢，右手托著下頜，屈著膝，身體蜷曲著，肌肉因緊張而顯得緊繃，使人覺得作品中的人物正深深陷入「絕對」的冥想之中，他那深沉的目光以及拳頭觸及嘴唇的姿態，表現出一種極度痛苦的心情。他注視著下面所演的悲劇，他同情、愛惜人類，因而不能對那些犯罪的人下最後判決，所以他懷著極其矛盾心情，在那深刻的沉思中，體現了偉大詩人但丁內心苦悶。這種苦悶的內心情感，通過對面部表情和四肢肌肉起伏的藝術處理，生動地表現出來，例如那突出的前額和眉弓，使雙目凹陷，隱沒在暗影之中，增強了苦悶沉思的表情，有如那緊緊收屈的小腿肌腱和痙攣般彎曲的腳趾，有力地傳達了這種痛苦情感。這種表面沉靜而隱藏於內的力量更加令人深思。 關於羅丹為什麼要用這尊粗壯結實的裸體形象來創造《沉思者》，並準備把它安放在大件浮雕門飾《地獄門》頂上，不妨用羅丹自己的幾句話來解釋，他說：「一個人的形象和姿態必然顯露出他心中的情感，形體表達內在精神。對於懂得這樣看法的人，裸體是最具有豐富意義的。」雕塑家羅丹在這件作品中，採用了現實擬真的精確手法，同時表達了與詩人但丁相一致的人文主義思想，及他們對人類苦難遭遇寄予了極大同情和悲痛。 Rodin first exhibited The Thinker separately in Copenhagen in 1888, where he called it The Poet. In Paris only a year later, Rodin called it The Thinker and has been famous until 1890. 《The Thinker》represents a powerful man. He bends his waist to think deeply. At the same time, he falls into the struggle from his heart. This unique posture - The right hand holding the lower jaw, the knee bowing and curling up his body. The muscle becomes tight because of tension and lets us feel that the man is deeply falling into the “absolute” contemplation. The figure’s eyes and how his fist touches lips display emotions of extreme pain and sorrow. He looks down to the sinners and their tragedies in making. Sympathy over the sinners has prevented him from making his final judgments. Torn between making a decision, the thinker falls deep into his thoughts. This represents the great poet, Dante’s agony. This emotion is shown through Rodin’s treatment on the facial expression and muscles on the arms and legs of the figure. For example, the high bulging forehead and supercially arches make the eyes hide in shadow. This put emphasis on the figure’s facial expression. Just as the contracted calf tendon and convulsive contraction of the toes effectively express this pain and emotion. It is those subtle messages that really affect those as audiences. The reason Rodin had employed a strong muscular figure to depict the character of “The Thinker” might be best explained using his own words. He said: ‘The body always expresses the spirit whose envelope it is. And for him who can see, the nude offers the richest meaning.’ In this piece of sculpture work, Rodin took a realist approach and expresses the same humanistic ideology as Dante’s writings. Both Rodin and Dante expressed their sympathy and compassion over the pain and suffering of the human race.
RODIN IN TAICHUNG 羅丹雕塑展 地獄門VS.愛
2007.9.22-12.22 臺中市役所
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